Population explosion is one of the problems of developing countries today. This topic has been evaluated from different standpoints. From a family point of view a variety of contraceptive devices and medications have been devised and used. At present, the available mean in men is only vasectomy (surgical and non-surgical) barrier method (condom). Since the available methods and medications do not meet all requirements and needs of the couples, development of new and effective anti-fertility agents can successfully obviate the deficiency of the common and available method and medications. In this research we have evaluated the effects of nitrofurantoin on the process of male rats spennatogenesis, fertility and steroidogenesis. The agent has been administered subcutaneously 30 mg/kg twice a day for 50 days. Changes in the values of the indices indicate that the drug exerts an inhibitory effect with significant results on the process of spermatogenesis and fertility and does not show any effect in the process of steroidogenesis.